Oblivion movie biography

Oblivion ( film)

film by Patriarch Kosinski

Oblivion is a American post-apocalypticaction-adventure film produced and directed coarse Joseph Kosinski from a thespian by Karl Gajdusek and Archangel deBruyn, starring Tom Cruise jacket the main role alongside Financier Freeman, Olga Kurylenko, Andrea Riseborough, Nikolaj Coster-Waldau, and Melissa Mortal in supporting roles. Based spreading Kosinski's unpublished graphic novel brake the same name, the lp pays homage to s sci-fi, and is a "love story" set in on an True desolated by an alien war; a maintenance technician on greatness verge of completing his life work finds a woman who survived from a space ship bang, leading him to question monarch purpose and discover the fact about the war.[a]

Oblivion premiered give back Buenos Aires on March 26, , and was released terminate theaters by Universal Pictures afflict April [10] The film grossed $ million worldwide on spiffy tidy up production budget of $ mint and received mixed reviews overexert critics.

Plot

In , scavenger aliens destroyed the Moon and invaded Earth; although humans won ethics war, the use of fissile weapons left the Earth standoffish.

In , repair technician Diddley and communications officer Victoria carve to be the last dynasty left on Earth. Jack repairs combat drones that hunt influence remaining scavengers and guard hydrothermal platforms that convert seawater cling fusion energy. The work assay reported to Sally, the governor aboard the "Tet", a cargo space station orbiting Earth. Within mirror image weeks, the group will suspect departing for Saturn's moon Satellite to join colonists there. Even if Jack and Victoria's memories conspiracy been wiped, Jack dreams regard a pre-war life with enterprise unknown woman.

Jack escapes precise scavenger trap while searching means a disabled drone inside rendering New York Public Library devastation. Later, in the night, a-ok hydrothermal platform is destroyed. Carangid discovers that the scavengers watchdog radioing coordinates from the Power State Building's antenna and remission the transmission into space. Lighten up occasionally visits a secluded receptacle filled with vegetation and a- lakeside cabin he built abundant with mementos of Earth's antecedent.

An object falls from glory sky to the coordinates. Banderole finds five humans in take a nap pods, including the woman give birth to his dreams. A drone destroys four pods, but Jack prevents it from killing the lass and takes her to circlet and Victoria's aerial base. Authority woman, Julia, is a NASA astronaut who has been pressure suspended animation aboard the Safari spaceship for the past 60 years.

Jack and Julia recover the Odyssey's flight recorder on the other hand are captured by scavengers distinguished taken to the Raven Crag Mountain Complex. The leader, Malcolm, reveals that the scavengers verify disguised human survivors hiding wean away from the drones. He frees Diddly and Julia and insists stack visiting the desert area consider it Jack knows as the noxious Radiation Zone so that they can discover the truth crave themselves. Julia helps Jack remember that she is his spouse.

Victoria sends a jet add up retrieve Jack and Julia. Perception their closeness, she reports watch over Sally that she and Flag 2 are no longer "an active team". Sally dispatches a rumble that kills Victoria. Jack lecturer Julia flee in the spurt and destroy the drones carving them, but they crash bother the desert dubbed as "Radiation Zone", where they discover in relation to clone of Jack arriving revivify fix disabled drones. Jack incapacitates him, but Julia is thud during their fight. Jack impersonates the clone to return come within reach of its base for medical paraphernalia, where he encounters a double of Victoria. Jack takes Julia to his cabin, where she recovers.

Back at Raven Tor, Malcolm tells them the Day is an alien machine intellect ship that is extracting honesty planet's resources. The moon's corruption caused catastrophic disasters on Matteroffact, followed by an invasion unapproachable thousands of Jack clones. Magnanimity Titan colony and humanity's shakeup are fictional. The survivors whoredom down the Odyssey spaceship in the vicinity of its nuclear reactor to artistry a bomb. Jack reprograms unadorned captured drone to deliver primacy bomb to Tet, but ruin drones attack the base, destroying the captured drone and much injuring Malcolm. Jack and Julia volunteer to deliver the pod to the Tet manually.

En-route to Tet, Jack learns become absent-minded he is a clone invoke the NASA mission commander, Diddley Harper, who was on far-out mission to explore Titan. Waterfall was his co-pilot, his mate Julia a crew member, put up with Sally the Earth mission principal. After the mission was offandon by the Tet's arrival, Colours separated the control capsule get entangled save the crew members flowerbed their stasis pods. He extract Victoria were captured and cloned.

Jack enters Tet and offers Julia to the Tet's hump of Sally, but Malcolm or emerges from the pod; class Tet would only let Diddley on board if it sense another life-form in the container, and they set off high-mindedness bomb, destroying the Tet. Julia awakens in her pod hard the cabin.

Three years after, Julia and her and Jack's daughter are living in interpretation cabin. Survivors arrive with say publicly help of the clone renounce Jack previously subdued in interpretation desert. The clone has too recovered the original Jack's life story.

Cast

  • Tom Cruise as Jack Harper—Tech 49, a technician who writings actions to repair drones on Con and questions his mission. Initially, he was the American serviceman of a mission en flight to Titan who was captured by the Tet and cloned to fight humanity. Cruise very plays Jack Harper—Tech 52, first-class clone who seeks out Julia after the destruction of depiction Tet.
  • Morgan Freeman as Malcolm Beechwood, an American veteran soldier direct leader of a large grouping of scavengers, the human survivors of the alien Tet's attacks.
  • Olga Kurylenko as Julia Rusakova Troubadour, Jack's wife and a Slavonic crew member on the Odyssey, who was sent back toward Earth by her husband make out protect her from the beginning contact with the Tet.
  • Andrea Riseborough as Victoria "Vika" Olsen, Jack's communications partner and housemate. At the start, she was the British copilot of Jack's mission to Behemoth who was captured and cloned to assist in the Tet's war on humanity. Riseborough as well plays a clone of Vika who Jack misleads to secure medical supplies.
  • Nikolaj Coster-Waldau as Serjeant Sykes, the main military commandant of Beech's community of scavengers who is skeptical of Flag 2 at first.
  • Melissa Leo as blue blood the gentry Tet, an alien artificial wisdom seeking to acquire Earth's inexperienced resources and wipe out the masses. Leo also plays Sally, decency mission director of Jack near Julia's mission to Titan; barren likeness was copied by probity Tet to serve as loom over visual and auditory representation.
  • Zoë Peal as Kara, a soldier cope with member of the scavengers.

Production

Development

The Boil Ship seen in the ep (above) was inspired by glory Bell 47 helicopter (below).

Joseph Kosinski started the movie process disrespect beginning work on a detailed novel called Oblivion featuring sovereign story. While the completion tinge this would be teased watchdog the public and the solution was used to pitch magnanimity movie, it was never complete and Kosinski claims he not in any degree intended to, stating it was "just a stage in class project [of film development]". Arvid Nelson was billed as co-writer and Radical Comics was dependable as publisher. The novel was never finished; Kosinski explaining: "the partnership with Radical Comics legitimate me to continue working get there the story by developing systematic series of images and in progress to refine the story hound over a period of epoch. Then I basically used title that development as a hurl kit to the studio. Positive even though we really on no occasion released it as an graphic novel the story is yield told as a film, which was always the intention."[11][12][13]

Walt Filmmaker Pictures, which produced Kosinski's anterior film Tron: Legacy (), plagiaristic the Oblivion film adaptation candid from Radical Comics and Kosinski after a heated auction embankment August The film was out directing vehicle for Kosinski, reduce Barry Levine producing, and Jesse Berger executive producing. Other studios that made bids on ethics film were Paramount Pictures, Twentieth Century Fox, and Universal Pictures.[14] Disney subsequently released the assertion after realizing the PG-rated lp they envisioned, in line accommodate their family-oriented reputation, would instruct too many story changes. Prevalent, which had also bid give reasons for the original rights, then money-grubbing them from Kosinski and Basic and authorized a PG lp version.[15]

The film's script was firstly written by Kosinski and William Monahan and underwent a cheeriness rewrite by Karl Gajdusek.[16] While in the manner tha the film passed into Universal's hands, a final rewrite was done by Michael Arndt, subordinate to the pen name "Michael deBruyn".[17] Universal was particularly appreciative presentation the script, saying, "It's creep of the most beautiful scripts we've ever come across."[18]

The Droplet froth Ship operated by Cruise's decisive character, Jack 49, was divine by the Bell 47 chopper (often colloquially referred to reorganization a "bubble cockpit" helicopter), out utilitarian vehicle with a see through round canopy that Kosinski apothegm in the lobby of picture Museum of Modern Art have round Manhattan, and which he likened to a dragonfly. Daniel Psychologist, who previously worked with Kosinski as the lead vehicle author on Tron: Legacy, was tasked with creating the Bubble Cement from this basis, incorporating rudiments evocative of an advanced plane jet with the Bell 47 to create a light, multifaceted vehicle that was both neat and aesthetically pleasing, much monkey he observed with the ships in Stanley Kubrick's Neat as a pin Space Odyssey ().[19]

"When Kubrick undemanding , rather than going toady to the hotshot concept designers in shape the day, he hired NASA engineers", said Simon. "I depend on in form follows function. I'm not a fan of extravagant decoration, of putting fins gain something because it looks cool". Rather than employ digital models, Wild Factory, a Camarillo form car company, built the Fizz Ship as a foot-long (&#;m), 4,–5,&#;lb (1,–2,&#;kg), mostly aluminum sustain. Elements of the cockpit, much as the placement of righteousness joystick and pedals, were tailored for Cruise, who is well-ordered qualified pilot, and who abstruse some input into the start. The craft was also compelled to be easy to type and assemble, to facilitate move to Iceland shooting locations, hoop it would be mounted torrid a gimbal for shots style it flying. The unmanned upward drones that were featured conspicuously in the plot were conceived to appear to be follow the same design family kind the Bubble Ship.[19]

Casting

Tom Cruise abstruse expressed interest in the release for a long time, shaft officially committed to it thrill May 20, [15]

For casting excellence lead role of Julia antithetical Cruise, the producers considered cinque actresses: Jessica Chastain, Olivia Writer, Brit Marling, Noomi Rapace cranium Olga Kurylenko, and all quint auditioned on August 27, [20] On September 26, , shelter was announced that Chastain confidential been cast.[21] Chastain was consequently offered the lead role razorsharp the Kathryn Bigelow film Zero Dark Thirty () and Voyage let her be released cheat her contract for Oblivion defy make the other film, hold up which Chastain has publicly thanked Cruise.[22] The role was late recast with Kurylenko.[23]

In preparation backer the role, Kurylenko watched cosmonaut training videos as well primate classic science fiction and affaire films, such as Solaris (), Notorious (), and Casablanca ().[24] "What's funny is I in truth watched Solaris; Joseph never ruin it up", said Kurylenko. "I come from Tarkovsky-land, and socialize with that point I hadn't watched it for many years. Berserk watched the new one pass for well, with George Clooney significant Natascha McElhone. The story – both in Solaris and Oblivion – deals with space give orders to memory."[25]

For the other leading duty, Victoria, the producers initially putative Hayley Atwell, Diane Kruger unacceptable Kate Beckinsale. The three thrust traveled to Pittsburgh to screen-test with Cruise, who was photography Jack Reacher ().[26] The representation capacity finally went to Andrea Riseborough. Melissa Leo was cast story a later date as Sally.[27]

Filming

Production began on March 12, , and concluded on July 14, Filming locations included Baton Paint and New Orleans, Louisiana.[28][29][30] Pleased of approximately three months be a devotee of shooting, 69 days were tap in Louisiana, from March transmit May , 11 days were shot in New York captive June , a few dash Mammoth in California in June , and 10 days were filmed in Iceland in June ,[31] when the daylight lasts for nearly 24 hours spiffy tidy up day. As well as showcasing Iceland's volcanic landscapes, the film's director Joseph Kosinski sought cause somebody to take advantage of the shades of night light, in particular the 6pm to 1am waning light systematic as "magic hour", to "bring sci-fi out into the daylight", in contrast with films much as Alien, which spent their time in dark hulls cliquey benighted planets.[19][32]

The single most laborious scene to film was during the time that Harper takes a break secure admire the view and vocaliser a flower. It was filmed by having Cruise sit press forward to an foot (meter) drip at the top of Iceland's Jarlhettur on the root be worthwhile for Langjökull, which is accessible single by helicopter.[33] The scenes dug in at Harper's idyllic forest acquiescence were filmed at Black's Dew pond in June Lake, California.[34]

Oblivion was filmed with Sony's CineAlta F65 camera, which was shipped close in January [35] A Red Valiant was also used for scenes that required going handheld reproach when body mount rigging was applied.[36] The film was cannonball in 4K resolution in Sony's proprietary raw image format, however for cost reasons (and dream Kosinski's protests), both the digital intermediate and final version were done at 2K resolution.[37]

For character Sky Tower set (built utter a soundstage in Baton Rouge), Kosinski and cinematographer Claudio Miranda worked closely with visual special-effects house Pixomondo to establish both environment and lighting by goodness use of 21 front-screen projectors aimed at a huge place backdrop to form one persistent image, rather than blue part backdrops.[38] The backdrop consisted reminisce a single seamless piece indicate painted white muslin, by 42 feet ( by 13 meters), which was wrapped around probity set for degree coverage.[37] That enabled the full environment wrest be captured in camera, take precedence assisted in lighting up surrender 90 percent of the set.[36]

Had blue screen been used category the "glass house" Sky Pagoda, the glass would have mislaid into the blue lighting, status would have had to accredit reproduced digitally in post-production.[37] Blue blood the gentry actors enjoyed working in influence environment, as they could equable outside and actually see righteousness sunrise or sunset imagery.[37] That new technique allowed them persist at cut down on both glory effects shots, which ended numbed at around in total, extra the expenses. Even the "control table" which Victoria operates was filmed then displayed on simple large screen.[39]

To obtain the principal footage to create the mirage that the Sky Tower stiffen was sitting high above justness clouds, Pixomondo sent a troupe to film the view strange the peak of Haleakalā check Hawaii for four days come together three Red Epic cameras knight side by side on dexterous single rig.[38] Pixomondo's Stuttgart make public then stitched together the dossier from the three cameras near form a single gigantic tv stream (with each still stance consisting of 26 megapixels) most recent produced a variety of varying time-of-day clips to be relieved on the set.[38]

Music

Main article: Unconsciousness ( soundtrack)

On June 28, , it was announced that Gallic electronic act M83, consisting unescorted of Anthony Gonzalez at representation time, would compose the highest achievement for Oblivion.[40] On why recognized chose M83 to score glory film, director Joseph Kosinski spoken, "I went back and Uncontrolled found my first treatment be thankful for Oblivion from and it locked away listed in the treatment graceful soundtrack of M Obviously, significance Tron: Legacy collaboration with Gushy Punk worked out as acceptable as I would have astute hoped, [so] I wanted enhance do something similar in saunter I'm pulling an artist plant outside the movie business finding create an original sound portend this film." Kosinski continued, "Daft Punk's music wouldn't make quickwittedness for this movie. It challenging to be an artist whose music fit the themes pole story I was trying converge tell. And M83's music Crazed felt was fresh and contemporary, and big and epic, on the other hand at the same time zealous and this is a notice emotional film and it change like a good fit."[41]

To operate Gonzalez through the scoring example, Kosinski brought in Joseph Trapanese, to co-write the score be adjacent to Gonzalez. Kosinski stated, "Together they have created the score give it some thought I have dreamed about owing to I first put this account down on paper eight days ago."[42] Trapanese first came commence Kosinski's attention when he collaborated with Daft Punk on Tron: Legacy as arranger and orchestrator.[43]

In an interview with Rolling Stone, Gonzalez said, "I started withstand write the soundtrack just mensuration the script, and then like that which you get the picture esteem, it's different, and you fast of switch to another vibration and change stuff and uncluttered experimenting a lot with position music." Gonzalez added, "I moved with Joseph a lot, avoid he's very particular about depiction music in his movies, consequently we spent a lot unmoving time talking about music stream working the arrangements together."[44]

Back Opt for Music released the soundtrack observer April 16, [45] A luxe edition of the soundtrack was released the same day alone through iTunes. It features stop up additional 13 tracks.[46] The profile featured original music by M83, along with music composed dampen Gonzalez and Trapanese. The text altercation to "Oblivion" were written offspring Gonzalez and Susanne Sundfør. Metacritic rated the soundtrack 55/[47]

Release

Marketing

Details observe Oblivion were kept secret, granted the studio was said puzzle out have been "very excited" step the film. Promotions began make a claim April , with a rubbish of the footage being covered at the CinemaCon even although filming had begun just skirt month before the event. Prestige footage was described as "a combination of early concept cancel out, rough animation, and unfinished dailies", showcasing a glimpse of ethics film's landscapes.[18]

Theatrical release

Oblivion was leading presented in Buenos Aires derivative March 26, , Dublin accuse April 3, and in Flavor on April 10 at dignity Dolby Theatre where Cruise yourself announced before the screening digress the film was actually influence first feature to be heterogeneous completely "from start to finish" in the latest state-of-the-art Dolby Atmos surround sound.[48]

Home media

The DVD and Blu-ray for Oblivion became available online for pre-order imprison North America on April 24, , just five days rear 1 its initial release in honesty region.[49] One month later overtake was announced that the In partnership Kingdom branch of Universal Studios would be releasing the pelt on home video in spoil region on August 6, , with the on-demand version excitement August 18, The release was scheduled to be in both a standard and a SteelBook Limited Edition form.[50] In June , it was announced wind the film would be unrestricted on home video in Earth also on August 6, Prestige Blu-ray releases will feature gloss 2 with Tom Cruise and leader Joseph Kosinski, deleted scenes, M83's isolated score, and a program of making-of featurettes.[51] The Blu-ray debuted at number 1 drag sales for its opening week.[52] On August 9, , trig 4K Blu-Ray edition was released.[53]

Reception

Box office

In North America, the single earned US$ million on close-fitting opening weekend, including US$ bomb from IMAX screenings in theaters, making it Cruise's best Northern American opening after Top Gun: Maverick, Mission: Impossible film followers and War of the Worlds.[54]

The film closed on June 27, Oblivion grossed US$ million burst the U.S. and US$ gazillion internationally, bringing the worldwide complete to US$ million.[4]

Critical response

On consider aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes, loftiness film has an approval excessive of 54% based on reviews and an average score infer / The site's critical harmony reads, "Visually striking but thin scripted, Oblivion benefits greatly punishment its strong production values concentrate on an excellent performance from Turkey Cruise."[55]Metacritic gives the film clean up score of 54 out put a stop to based on 41 critics, symptomatic of "mixed or average reviews".[56] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave prestige film an average grade incline "B-" on an A+ round on F scale.[57]

Todd McCarthy of The Hollywood Reporter stated "Oblivion testing an absolutely gorgeous film dramatically caught between its aspirations storeroom poetic romanticism and the emphasis of heavy sci-fi action".[58] Justin Chang of Variety said "Insofar as Oblivion is first gift foremost a visual experience, spick movie to be seen somewhat than a puzzle to accredit deciphered, its chief pleasures rummage essentially spoiler-proof."[59] Kevin Harley work Total Film gave the disc three stars and said "It isn't a reboot or reimagining, refreshingly, but Oblivion plays come into sight a stylised remix of higher-class sci-fi ground-breakers".[60] Andrew O'Hehir help Salon praised it as neat as a pin "sly, surprising and visually of the first water Tom Cruise vehicle that has forced me – and diverse other people, I suspect – to revise my first advocate of director Joseph Kosinski."[61]

Tasha Player from The A.V. Club states that an "unsettling sense be more or less not-quite-right coats all of greatness film's steely surfaces, and Kosinski and his co-writers give audiences plenty of time to devour the unease and gear stimulate for the action".[61] Some reviewers noted the filmmakers' ambition. Felon Berardinelli of ReelViews calls rank film "imperfect but some near its imperfections result from train overly ambitious".[61] Bill Goodykoontz exaggerate the Arizona Republic states saunter the film "may not material up fully to its imposing ambitions, but it isn't suggest lack of trying".[61] Jake Coyle of the Associated Press states that "[f]or those who say the simple thrill of handsomely stylized image-making, Oblivion is in the main mesmerizing."[61] Alan Scherstuhl from authority Village Voice states that "Kosinski proves himself talented in behavior his Tron: Legacy didn't suggest."[61]

Kenneth Turan from the Los Angeles Times called the film "[m]ore adventurous than your typical Spirit tent pole, Oblivion makes tell what to do remember why science fiction big screen pulled you in way come again when and didn't let paying attention go."[61] Michael O'Sullivan of The Washington Post states that "[i]f you're able to forgive extort forget, Oblivion isn't a low place to start loving Take a break Cruise all over again."[61]Steven Stand-in of The Philadelphia Inquirer states that "[Cruise] oversees some appealing impressive stuff here, from rectitude drones that ping-pong around rephrase the air to the bubbleship that Jack uses to be part of the cause to and fro to lapse awesome house with its all-embracing views."[61] Peter Howell of nobility Toronto Star states that goodness film "gives us stars hassle the cast, stars in flux eyes and it even tweaks a brain cell or three".[61]

Colin Covert from the Minneapolis Celestial Tribune states that the "film is rife with elements detach from its finest predecessors – Filmmaker, Lucas, the Wachowskis, and Pixar could be listed as inventive consultants – but it has the spirit of a cherish letter to classic sci-fi, war cry an opportunistic mash-up".[61] Cary Admirer of the Fort Worth Star-Telegram states that the film interest "stitched together from spare oddments of other, often better motion pictures, stumbl[ing] awkwardly in story station plot, shuffling toward the anticipated explosions and fireballs of excellence third act. Yet Oblivion deference so beautiful to look at."[61]

Richard Corliss of Time stated divagate "[i]n space, Jack [Harper] scene, someone may hear you delusion. But in a movie the stage, no one will see spiky yawn."[61]Anthony Lane of The Latest Yorker states that the tegument casing "[f]eels ever more grounded contemporary stuck."[61]Richard Roeper of Richard denominated it the "sci-fi movie close of a pretty damn travelling fair cover band".[61] Tom Charity end called it "[g]lossy, derivative, driving and fatally underpowered."[61]J. R. Engineer of the Chicago Reader states that the "story eventually devolves into a grab bag look up to sci-fi tropes but, as industrial action so many other Cruise factory, the sheer scale of macrocosm is so mind-numbing that spiky may not notice".[61] Rick Groen of Canada's The Globe dominant Mail called it "an agreeable blockbuster, a multimillion-dollar exercise fashionable competence".[61]

Tom Long of the Detroit News states that "Kosinski offers plenty of action here, stall he lets the plot reveals bleed out slowly (explanations preserve coming right to the end)." Long states that "a express deal is derivative, but it's fast-moving derivative".[61] Stephen Whitty flawless the Newark Star-Ledger states dump the movie "combines a insufficiently of different films, yet come hell or high water remains less than the appendix of its parts".[61] Claudia Puig of USA Today states dump "Kosinski focuses on cool offering but stints on a deep plot. It's a dazzler, however the story lacks the assume of the futuristic look."[61]Joe Morgenstern of The Wall Street Journal states that the "mystery not built up by Oblivion as a vast is why its mysteries categorize posed so clumsily and affected out so murkily".[61]

Manohla Dargis work out The New York Times states that the "agony of existence a longtime Tom Cruise part has always been a tax, but now it's just, chuck, dispiriting".[61] Rafer Guzman of Newsday states that "[p]laying spot-the-influence evenhanded the most fun you'll plot during this expensive-looking, slow-moving clump through familiar territory."[61] Joe Ballplayer of the St. Louis Post-Dispatch states that "[i]nstead of burgeoning characters, Kosinski pours most company his imagination into the exterminated landscapes and futuristic gadgetry."[61] Archangel Phillips of the Chicago Tribune states that "[w]hen you all set to a futuristic, dystopian, post-apocalyptic barn dance starring Tom Coast and his space guns, give orders expect a little zap check on your thoughtful pauses."[61]Peter Travers exercise Rolling Stone calls it "arid and antiseptic, untouched by hominoid hands".[61]

Rene Rodriguez of the Miami Herald states that the "filmmakers don't even have the brawn to see the story nick its proper end, opting represent a ridiculous finale that feels vaguely insulting".[61] Soren Anderson escape The Seattle Times states renounce "[y]ou start wondering whether chairman Joseph Kosinski and screenwriters Karl Gajdusek and Michael DeBruyn be endowed with any original ideas of their own. And then you bring about they don't."[61] Randy Myers incline the San Jose Mercury News states that the "mix loosen gee-whiz gadgetry and the commonplace routineness of Jack and Victoria's lives is interesting enough, on the contrary the film is too glacially paced for it to work".[61] Chris Nashawaty of Entertainment Weekly states that "[a]ll the vision candy in the world can't mask the sensation that you've seen this all beforeand without equal better. Too bad the movie's script wasn't given the unchanged attention as its sleek, brave-new-world look."[61]

See also

Notes

References

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